Languages of Singapore Wikipedia. A warning sign in the four official languages of Singapore that is found in all Mass Rapid Transit MRT stations. According to the Constitution of Singapore, the four official languages of Singapore are English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil while the symbolic national language is Malay. The three languages other than English were chosen to correspond with the major ethnic groups present in Singapore at the time Mandarin had gained status since the introduction of Chinese medium schools Malay was deemed the most obvious choice for the Malay community and Tamil for the largest Indian ethnic group in Singapore, in addition to being the language with the longest history of education in Malaysia and Singapore. 1 In 2. Singapore, reflecting a rich linguistic diversity in the city. 23 Singapores historical roots as a trading settlement gave rise to an influx of foreign traders,4 and their languages were slowly embedded in Singapores modern day linguistic repertoire. In the early years, the lingua franca of the island was Bazaar Malay Melayu Pasar, a creole of Malay and Chinese, the language of trade in the Malay Archipelago. 5 While it continues to be used among many on the island, especially Singaporean Malays, Malay has now been displaced by English. English became the lingua franca due to British rule of Singapore,4 and was made the main language upon Singaporean independence. Thus, English is the medium of instruction in schools, and is also the main language used in formal settings such as in government departments and the courts. Hokkien Min Nan and Cantonese briefly emerged as a lingua franca among the Chinese,4 but by the late 2. Mandarin. The Government promotes Mandarin among Singaporean Chinese, since it views the language as a bridge between Singapores diverse non Mandarin speaking groups, and as a tool for forging a common Chinese cultural identity. 6 Chinas economic rise in the 2. Mandarin. Other Chinese varieties such as Hokkien, Teochew, Hakka, Hainanese and Cantonese have been classified by the Government as dialects, and language policies and changes in language attitudes based on this classification have led to a decrease in the number of speakers of these varieties. 7 While Tamil is one of Singapores official languages, other Indian languages are also frequently used. 8Almost all Singaporeans are bilingual since Singapores bilingual language education policy promotes a dual language learning system. Learning a second language has been compulsory in primary schools since 1. English is used as the main medium of instruction. On top of this, most children learn one of the three official languages or, occasionally, another approved language as a second language, according to their official registered ethnic group. Since 1 January 2. English as the main language of Singaporeedit. Here is a collection of popular Tamil eBooks, in PDF format, handpicked by TamilCube for your reading pleasure If you want to read one book before you die let it be. All directional signs in Singapore are written in English. Singapore English is regarded as the main language in Singapore,1. Mother Tongue lessons in Singapores education system. 1. It is also the common language of the administration, and is promoted as an important language for international business. 1. Spelling in Singapore largely follows British conventions, owing to the countrys status as a former Crown Colony. 1. English is the countrys default lingua franca despite the fact that four languages have official status. 1. Under the British colonial government, English gained prestige as the language of administration, law and business in Singapore. As government administration increased, infrastructure and commerce developed, and access to education further catalysed the spread of English among Singaporeans. When Singapore gained self government in 1. English as the main language to maximise economic benefits. Since English was rising as the global language for commerce, technology and science, promotion of its use in Singapore would expedite Singapores development and integration into the global economy. 1. Furthermore, the switch to English as the only medium of instruction in schools aided in bridging the social distance between the various groups of ethnic language speakers in the country. Between the early 1. Learn English through Kannada and Tamil Preface This book is a compilation of numerous lessons taught in the special English class of Sri Venkateswara Temple at. 1 in Faith A Critical Bible Study explores the concept that the New Testament gospels were written after the letters of Paul to resolve controversies. English medium schools leapt from 5. English medium schools. Attendance in Mandarin, Malay and Tamil medium schools consequently dropped and schools began to close down. The Chinese medium Nanyang University also made the switch to English as the medium of instruction despite meeting resistance, especially from the Chinese community. 1. There has been a steep increase in the use of the English language over the years. 1. Singapore is currently the most proficient English speaking country in Asia. 2. Then Education Minister, Ng Eng Hen, noted a rising number of Singaporeans using English as their home language in December 2. Of children enrolled in primary school in 2. Chinese and Indian pupils and 3. Malay pupils spoke predominantly English at home. 2. English is the native language of 3. Singaporeans, but has the largest number of speakers if statistics were to account for speakers of English as a second language. 2. Language most frequently spoken at home 2. Language. 19. 90. English. 18. 8. 23. Mandarin. 23. 7. 35. Chinese Dialects. Malay. 14. 3. 14. Tamil. 2. 9. 3. 2. Others. 0. 9. 2. 3. SinglisheditSinglish is an English based Creole language with its own consistent rules and phonology widely used in Singapore. 2. However, usage of this language is discouraged by the local government, which favours Standard English. 2. Despite this, Singlish is still widely spoken across the island and viewed by most Singaporeans as a trait that identifies them as uniquely Singaporean. citation neededThe government in this case the Media Development Authority does not support using Singlish in television and radio advertising. 2. Chinese languageedit. The Teochew Building houses a prominent Teochew clan association in Singapore, the Ngee Ann Kongsi. According to the population census, Mandarin and other varieties of Chinese are the most common languages spoken at home. They are used by 5. The table below shows the change in distribution of Mandarin and other Chinese varieties, as well as English, as home languages of the resident Chinese population of Singapore in 1. It can be observed that the percentage of the population which speaks English and Mandarin has increased, while the percentage of those who speak other Chinese varieties has collapsed and is now limited mainly to the elderly. More recently, English appears to be starting to displace Mandarin as well. Language most frequently spoken at home among Chinese resident population aged 5 and over82. Home language. 19. Total. 1,8. 84,0. English. 36. 3,4. Mandarin. 56. 6,2. Other Chinese varieties. Others. 6,4. 00. 7,9. Standard MandarineditStandard Mandarin is generally spoken as the lingua franca among the Chinese community in Singapore. 2. Simply known as Chinese, it is the designated Mother Tongue or ethnic language of Chinese Singaporeans, at the expense of the other Chinese varieties. In 1. 97. 9, the government heavily promoted Mandarin through its Speak Mandarin campaign. The then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew stated that Mandarin was chosen to unify the Chinese community with a single language. 3. With the rising prominence of Mandarin in Singapore at that time,1 politicians such as Lee theorized that it might overtake English,3. Sanskrit Documents. The following links direct to Sanskrit books available online as. If you find other websites or links that have scanned documents. Sanskrit, please send a note to sanskritcheerful. For encoded. Sanskrit documents visit main page or list of texts elsewhere. The Digital Library of India The Digital Library of. India DLI has scanned and preserved over 5. Sanskrit Nov. 2. This project is. coodinated by the IISc and has over 3. Read an article. Digital Libraries in India for some details of. The Government of India has spent a large amount. The principal collections are housed and managed. IISc, Bangalore. You can either download books in PDF format directly. PDF server. or viewread page by page at dli. Both sites have different search engine with. Files can also be downloaded as mentioned below for image server. To read books in a browser, one should download the Alterna. TIFF plugin on Windows computers. Given below are the main DLI. Each houses a different set of books. You can find lists. All DLI books, ready in downloadable PDF format, are. On the home page. Select a community to browse its collections. Digital Library of India. OR directly at Search handle to do a selective search. When a book is found and selected, watch for the. There is not partial. The image server dli. Often, searching here can allow the. PDF file from the PDF server. Also, the image server allows viewing of. The archive. org has also started mirroring all the pdfs from DLI. They are linked from https archive. All are categorized in different sectionslinks, e. Langauge wise Sanskrit. Same issues with catalogue typos and incomplete classification exist as it is just a mirror. Sanskrit books February 2. Mb, 3. 30. 00 books. Marathi books February 2. Mb, 3. 90. 0 books. Gujarati books March 2. Mb, 3. 40. 00 books. Hindi books March 2. Mb, 5. 40. 00 books. DLI. For reference purpose, the old DLI collection at IIIT, Hyderabad is listed at. Catalog listing with the scan availability of Sanskrit books. Sanskrit books. a list of Marathi books. These books may or may not have been moved to IISc data server. Many of the books at CDAC, Noida are available in PDF format at Partner Collection from IISc DLI server. There are over 9. English literature Nov, 2. The new uploads to IISc DLI are listed under recent collection. The methodology adopted in the acquisition, presentation, and corrective. Content Development for Digital Library of India and Digitizing a Million Books Challenges for Documents Analysis, The Digital Library of India Project Process, Policies and Architecture. The digital library at Osmania University, Hyderabad at http oudl. PDF files of many of the books at DLI. See a long list of Sanskrit and Marathi books Jan 2. The OUDL site appears to be available only during Indian office timings IST 1. The Universal Library at Pittsburgh, USA http www. Million Books project. The Internet Archive. The. books are available in different formats such as PDF, B and W PDF, text, djvu. The following article has detailed instructions for uploading books to archive. Sanskrit books, a. Marathi books. Google Books a list of Sanskrit books, a list of Marathi books. All books are in PDF format. Use. full view texts in your search options. The National Mission for Manuscripts namami. India. The department publishes a newsletter. Although there are no scanned books available, the details of the process and efforts taken in preservation of documents are informative. A Collection of Full Text Books on South Asia at Columbia University. It containts plain text English translations and not scanned Sanskrit books like the repositories listed above. Archaeological Survey of India. PDF format and is set to more than ten thousands. These are digitized at Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts IGNCA. The digital library is at http www. See a list of books with Sanskrit word search. The Sanskrit book list is given. PDF links. A similar list covering the available catalog is. Sept 2. 01. 0. All the available and planned books are. E books at Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi. Some of these are uploaded on archive. RSS Packaged. In order to centralize some of the different personal collections. The Free Indological. Collection at archive. This collection also makes materials from. It also provides. Please see the archive. TFIC. homepage as well as our project page TFIC project page. Thousands of books. TFIC collection. Please use the list. TFIC. homepage. You are also invited to contribute. Please send an email to dli. The Library System, University of Delhi has Digital Library with many PDF files. See some cataloged at main, and thinned. For reference, a set of Guidelines for digitizationof manuscripts National Libraries of India are formulated. The UNESCO has given similar but more detailed guidelines at Digitization of Old Books, Manuscripts, and Other Documents, The Format for Storage of Metadata, and Method. A list of Collection of links to electronic libraries. West Bengal Public Library Network, has scanned books on various topics. Use dspace database. Use the page for 1. Sanskrit books. They are individually split in contents, chapters or pages. Dspace books at Sanskrit department at Pondicherry University. Visit http ebooks. Books are categorized by language Banjara, English, Hindi, Kannada, Sanskrit, Tamil, and Telugu, series, and authors. The books are listed in tirumalaebooks file for convenience. With PDF files available directly from DLI at http www. DLI image server, may not be. A DLI Downloader prepared by Munish Chandel can be downloaded from http dli. It needs only the barcode to initiate downloading and generates a PDF also adds a barcode on the first page. It is relatively faster than other tools. The latest version also has index of entire DLI catalogue, searchable and one can download a book with right click. A simple no frill Linux script is developed by Shriramana Sharma. It is placed at https github. DLI tools among other developers tools for Sanskrit texts. DLI Downloader 0. The DLI Downloader is an easy to use. DLI at high speeds. It is a one click install and provides one click. DLI sites. The DLI Downloader 0. Prabhu of PR Labs and runs on all Windows platforms such as. Windows XP, Vista, Server and Windows 7. The DLI Downloader can also. No other downloads are necessary. DLID 0. 1 users must install DLID 0. See also its announcements and an FAQ on blogspot and wordpress. DLI viewer and downloader by Ajit Krishnan http www. The utility has a search capability, direct linking, PDF file creation and other features. It adds a page link as footer on each page. Use an Addon called batchdownload for firefox to download books. Use the DLI viewer and downloader above to generate a PDF file from the images downloaded using this addon. Use an Addon called downloadthemall for firefox to download books. Use the DLI viewer and downloader above to generate a PDF file from the images downloaded using this addon. There is another Firefox plugin Batch. Download that can also be used for downloading series of images. Use the DLI viewer and downloader above to generate a PDF file from the images downloaded using this addon. ABS DLI Downloader. V2. 2 by Alok B. Shukla for his name ABS. The file. version 2. Mb, marked April 2. If you do. not want to register, download the file from. Please use your own discretion. Similar to above DLIDownloader by Prabhu. Ook. Not all books are linked.