According to our research of Massachusetts and other state lists there were 88 registered sex offenders living in Brockton, Massachusetts as of November 10, 2017. The. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be. 7 ., ,, ,, ,. Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany. Catholic resistance to Nazism was a component of German resistance to Nazism and of Resistance during World War II. The Church in Germany opposed the rise of Nazism, but attempted compromise when Hitler won power. From the outset of Nazi rule in 1. Church into conflict with the regime and persecution of the Church led Pope Pius XI to denounce the policies of the Nazi Government in the 1. Mit brennender Sorge. His successor Pius XII faced the war years and provided intelligence to the Allies. Though Catholics fought on both sides in World War II and neither the Catholic nor Protestant churches as institutions were prepared to openly oppose the Nazi State, the churches provided the earliest and most enduring centres of systematic opposition to Nazi policies, and Christian morality and Nazi anti Church policies motivated many German resistors and provided moral impetus for individuals in their efforts to overthrow Hitler. An estimated one third of German Catholic priests faced some form of reprisal from authorities and thousands of Catholic clergy and religious were sent to concentration camps. Germans were among the 2,5. Catholic priests imprisoned in the clergy barracks at Dachau. While the head German bishop generally avoided confronting the regime, other bishops such as Preysing, Frings and Galen developed a Catholic critique of aspects of Nazism. Galen led Catholic protest against Nazi euthanasia. Catholic resistance to mistreatment of Jews in Germany was generally limited to fragmented and largely individual efforts. But in every country under German occupation, priests played a major part in rescuing Jews. Israeli historian Pinchas Lapide estimated that Catholic rescue of Jews amounted to somewhere between 7. The martyrs St Maximillian Kolbe, Giuseppe Girotti and Bernard Lichtenberg were among those killed in part for aiding Jews. Among the notable Catholic networks to rescue Jews and others were Hugh OFlahertys Rome Escape Line, the Assisi Network and Polands Zegota. Relations between the Axis governments and the church varied. Bishops such as the Netherlands Johannes de Jong, Belgiums Jozef Ernest van Roey and Frances Jules Graud Salige issued major denunciations of Nazi treatment of Jews. Convents and nuns like Margit Slachta and Matylda Getter also led resistance. Vatican diplomats like Giuseppe Burzio in Slovakia, Fillipo Bernardini in Switzerland and Angelo Roncalli in Turkey saved thousands. The nuncio to Budapest, Angelo Rotta, and Bucharest, Andrea Cassulo, have been recognised by Yad Vashem in Israel. The nationalist regimes in Slovakia and Croatia were pro clerical, while in Slovene, Czech, Austrian and Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, repression of the church was at its most severe and the Catholic religion was integral to much Polish resistance. Backgroundedit. The Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler was anti clerical and hostile to the teachings of the Catholic Church. Nazis rise to powereditIn the 1. Catholic leaders made a number of forthright attacks on Nazi ideology and the main Christian opposition to Nazism had come from the Catholic Church. 8 German bishops were hostile to the emerging movement and energetically denounced its false doctrines. They warned Catholics against Nazi racism and some dioceses banned membership of the Nazi Party, while the Catholic press criticized the Nazi movement. 1. Figures like Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber, appalled by the totalitarianism, neopaganism, and racism of the Nazi movement, had contributed to the failure of the Nazi Munich Putsch of 1. The Nazis disliked universities, intellectuals and the Catholic and Protestant churches. Hamerow writes that many Nazis suspected Catholics of insufficient patriotism, or even of disloyalty to the Fatherland, and of serving the interests of sinister alien forces. Various historians surmise that the long term plan of the Nazis was to de Christianise Germany after final victory in the war. 1. Nazi ideology could not accept an autonomous establishment, whose legitimacy did not spring from the government, and the Nazis desired the subordination of the church to the state. In his history of the German Resistance, Hamerow wrote The Catholic Church. Nazi Party with fear and suspicion. It had felt threatened by a radical ultranationalist ideology that regarded the papacy as a sinister, alien institution, that opposed denominational separatism in education and culture, and that at times appeared to promote a return to Nordic paganism. The establishment of the Third Reich seemed to portend the coming of a bitter conflict between church and state.  Theodore S. Hamerow, On the Road to the Wolfs Lair German Resistance to Hitler. The Centre Party and Hitler. The German Centre Party Zentrum was a lay Catholic aligned political party that had been a force in Weimar politics and competed against the Nazis through the 1. In the lead up to the Nazi takeover, Catholic regions stayed largely loyal to Zentrum and did not vote Nazi. 1. Following the Wall Street Crash of 1. Nazis came in the Protestant, rural towns of the North. Nazis and Communists pledged to eliminate democracy and secured over 5. Reichstag seats. A middle class liberal party strong enough to block the Nazis did not exist the Centre Party was preoccupied defending its own particular interests. Requiring the votes of the Centre Party and Conservatives, Hitler told the Reichstag on 2. March that Positive Christianity was the unshakeable foundation of the moral and ethical life of our people, and promised not to threaten the churches or the institutions of the Republic if granted plenary powers. Employing negotiation and intimidation, the Nazis called on the Reichstag to vote for the Enabling Act on 2. March 1. 93. 3. Zentrum, having obtained promises of non interference in religion, joined with Conservatives in voting for the Act only the Social Democrats voted against. The Nazi propaganda minister, Joseph Goebbels, among the most aggressive anti Church Nazis, wrote that there was an insoluble opposition between the Christian and a heroic German world view. Church Struggle commenceseditWhen the Nazis won power in 1. Catholics were apprehensive and a threatening, though initially sporadic persecution of the Catholic Church commenced. Leading Nazis like Goebbels and Hitlers war time deputy Martin Bormann saw the conflict with the Churches as a priority concern, and anti church and anti clerical sentiments were strong among grassroots party activists. But Catholics constituted a third of the population, and Hitler was prepared to restrain the full extent of his anti Church ambitions out of political considerations, intending instead to have a showdown after the war. Hitler moved quickly to eliminate Political Catholicism, rounding up thousands of functionaries of the Bavarian Peoples Party and Centre Party, before outlawing non Nazi political parties. Concordat signed and breached. Amid continuing molestation of its clergy and organisations, the Church was anxious to reach agreement securing its rights in Germany with the new Reich Government. Conservative Vice Chancellor Papen negotiated the Reich concordat with the Holy See which guaranteed the Churchs rights in Germany, but prohibited clergy from participating in politics.