Lubricants Glossary. Syn. Lube   Lube4Life. How to Order. Publications. TERMS AND ACRONYMS RELATING TO THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY AND TO LUBRICANTS. AAmerican Automobile Association AAAMotor club and leisure travel organization serving North America. Web Link http www. The Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers AAM. CHRYSLER GROUP LLC. FORD MOTOR COMPANY. GENERAL MOTORS COMPANY. JAGUAR LAND ROVER TATA. MERCEDES BENZ USA. MITSUBISHI MOTORS. VOLKSWAGEN GROUP OF AMERICA. VOLVO CARS NORTH AMERICA. Web Link http www. The American Automobile Manufacturers. Association AAMA. United. States. After the purchase of Chrysler by German Daimler Benz the organization has been dissolved on December 3. The ratio of shear stress to shear rate. It is a fluids internal resistance to flow. The common unit of absolute viscosity is the poise. Absolute  viscosity  divided  by the fluids density equals kinematic viscosity. Oil used to selectively absorb heavier hydrocarbon components from a gas. Also called wash oil or scrubber. Process by, which one substance draws into itself another substance. Equation For The Cracking Of Alkane Decane IsomersACEAAssociation des Constructeurs Europeens AutomobilesAssociation of the European Automobile Manufacturersis the new association of the European automobile manufacturers, formed in February 1. European automobile industry. ACEA members are all the European motor vehicle manufacturers. Ford Europe, GM Europe, Scania, and Volvo. At present, only PSA Peugeot Citroen is not a member of ACEA but cooperates with ACEA in the field of lubricating oils and fuels. Web Link www. acea. A member of an important and fundamental category of chemical substances characterized by having an available reactive hydrogen and requiring an alkali. Acid solutions usually have a sour, biting, and tart taste, like vinegar. H is less than 7. The residue left after treating petroleum oil with sulfuric acid for the removal of impurities. It is a black, viscous substance containing the spent acid and impurities. A refining process in which unfinished petroleum products, such as. The amount of free acid in any substance. An agent or chemical substance added to a product and used for. Common petroleum product additives are additive level. The total percentage of all additives in an oil. Expressed in of mass weight or of volume. The force or forces causing two materials such as a lubricating. Adhesion of the molecules of gases, liquids, or dissolved substances to a. Also, any refining process in which a gas or a. Sample Problem GayLussacs Law of Combining Volumes Problem Ammonia is produced by a reaction of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. The chemical equation for the. See clay filtrationaerosol. A highly dispersed suspension Colloidal System of. Petroleum solvents are commonly used either as. Petroleum products are also applied in aerosol form in agricultural. AFVAlternate Fuel Vehicle. AGMAAmerican Gear Manufacturers Association. Web Link www. agma. AIAMAlliance of International Auto Manufacturers AIAM. The organization no longer exists. Similar activities are now undertaken by THE ALLIANCE OF AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURERS AAMWhich is an Association of 1. CAR AND LIGHT TRUCK MANUFACTURERS, INCLUDING BMW GROUPCHRYSLER GROUP LLCFORD MOTOR COMPANYGENERAL MOTORS CORPORATIONJAGUAR LAND ROVERMAZDAMERCEDES BENZ USAMITSUBISHI MOTORSPORSCHE CARS NORTH AMERICATOYOTAVOLKSWAGEN GROUP OF AMERICAVOLVO CARS OF NORTH AMERICAWeb Link http www. The incorporation of air in the form of bubbles as a dispersed phase in the bulk liquid. Glossary of terms and acronyms used in Petroleum and Lubricant Industry. Do not write outside the box 07 GJun16CH1HP Turn over 2 b i Calculate the energy released by 1. J. 2 marks. 6 062003MJ03 3 Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. They undergo addition reactions. Two of the methods of making alkenes are cracking and the thermal. The Study of Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is primarily devoted to the unique properties of the carbon atom and its compounds. These compounds play a critical. Air may be entrained in a liquid through mechanical means andor by. The presence of entrained air is usually readily apparent from the appearance of the liquid i. See normal paraffin. In chemistry, any substance having basic properties. The term is. applied to hydroxides of ammonium, lithium, potassium, and sodium. They are soluble in. They turn red litmus blue. In a. more general sense, the term is also applied to the hydroxides of the so called alkaline. Any of a series of monovalent radicals having the. Cn. H2n1, derived from aliphatic. CH3 methyl. radical, from methane. C0.preview.png' alt='Equation For The Cracking Of Alkane Decane' title='Equation For The Cracking Of Alkane Decane' />Used in turbines, compressors, jet engines, and hydraulic power steering. In refining, the chemical reaction of a. The reaction takes place in the presence of a. Alkylation less commonly describes certain other reactions, such as that of an olefin with. Almen EP lubricant tester. A Journal bearing machine used for determining the load carrying. Extreme Pressure properties EP. Equation For The Cracking Of Alkane Decane' title='Equation For The Cracking Of Alkane Decane' />Temperature of the area or atmosphere around a process, not the operating temperature of the process itself. Free of water, especially of crystallization. The minimum temperature for complete miscibility of equal volumes of. ASTM Method D 6. 11. A product of high aniline point will. Aniline point is. In conjunction with API gravity, the aniline point may be used to calculate the net heat of combustion for aviation fuels. An additive used to control foam. Two types of additives are used to reduce foaming in petroleum products silicone oilto break up large surface bubbles. See foaming. A fluid, such as ethylene or propylene glycol, which is added to or used to replace the water in the cooling system of engines in order to prevent freezing. A type of bearing using rollers, cones or balls. They are also known as rolling element bearings. Aubstance added to gasoline to prevent ice formation on the throttle plate of a carburetor. Anti icing additives are of two types Those that lower the freezing point of water. Those that alter the growth of ice crystals so that they remain small enough to. Resistance to detonation or pinging in spark ignition engines. Resistance of a gasoline to detonation in a combustion chamber. See antiknock index,  octane number. Substances which raise the antiknock quality of a gasoline. Historically, tetraethyl lead lead alkyl has been the most common antiknock compound, but its use is being phased out under Environmental Protection Agency EPA. Coming into increasing use as octane boosters are toluene and oxygenated organic type substances such as methyl tertiary butyl ether MTBE and tertiary amyl. TAME. The average of the Research Octane Number and Motor Octane Number. According to EPA and. FTC regulations the. USA must be displayed on any pump. See octane number. Chemical additive which is added to lubricating oils to increase their resistance to oxidation. Grease like substance containing graphite, moly or metallic solids Copper, Zinc, Silver or. Lead, which is applied to threaded joints, particularly those subjected to high temperatures, to facilitate easy separation when required. See boundary lubrication. The American Petroleum Institute. API is a trade association that promotes U. S. petroleum interests, encourages development of petroleum technology, cooperates with the government. Web Link www. api. API Engine Service Classification System. Classifications and designations for lubricating oils for automotive engines developed by API in conjunction with SAE and ASTM. An recently also with ILSAC. API Gear Lubricant Service Designation. Classifications and designations for lubricating oils for automotive transmissions developed by API in conjunction with SAE and ASTM. A nonscientific and arbitrary scale expressing the gravity or density of liquid petroleum products. The measuring scale is calibrated in terms of degrees API. It may be calculated in terms of the following formula. The ratio of shear stress to rate of shear of a non Newtonian fluid such as lubricating grease, or a multi grade oil, calculated from Poiseuilles. Organic ChemistryPrint version Wikibooks, open books for an open world. Welcome to the worlds foremost open content. Organic Chemistry Textbookon the web The Study of Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is primarily devoted to the unique properties of the carbon atom and its compounds. These compounds play a critical role in biology and ecology, Earth sciences and geology, physics, industry, medicine and of course chemistry. At first glance, the new material that organic chemistry brings to the table may seem complicated and daunting, but all it takes is concentration and perseverance. Millions of students before you have successfully passed this course and you can too This field of chemistry is based less on formulas and more on reactions between various molecules under different conditions. Whereas a typical general chemistry question may ask a student to compute an answer with an equation from the chapter that they memorized, a more typical organic chemistry question is along the lines of what product will form when substance X is treated with solution Y and bombarded by light. The key to learning organic chemistry is to understand it rather than cram it in the night before a test. It is all well and good to memorize the mechanism of Michael addition, but a superior accomplishment would be the ability to explain why such a reaction would take place. As in all things, it is easier to build up a body of new knowledge on a foundation of solid prior knowledge. Students will be well served by much of the knowledge brought to this subject from the subject of General Chemistry. Concepts with particular importance to organic chemists are covalent bonding, Molecular Orbit theory, VSEPR Modeling, understanding acidbase chemistry vis a vis p. Ka values, and even trends of the periodic table. This is by no means a comprehensive list of the knowledge you should have gained already in order to fully understand the subject of organic chemistry, but it should give you some idea of the things you need to know to succeed in an organic chemistry test or course. Organic Chemistry is one of the subjects which are very useful and close to our daily life. We always try to figure out some of the unknown mysteries of our daily life through our factious thinking habit, which generates superstitions. Through the help of chemistry we can help ourselves to get out of this kind of superstition. We always try to find the ultimate truth through our own convenience. In the ancient past we had struggled to make things to go as per our need. In that context we have found fire, house, food, transportation, etcNow the burning question is how can chemistry help our daily life To find the answer of this questions, we have to know the subject thoroughly. Let us start it from now. Authors. The authors of this book are Karl Wick Citizen of the United States of America, and living there. The initiator of this project is Karl Wick, who is finishing up his premed science courses at the Cleveland State University in Cleveland, Ohio. At the time of this writing 71. I have been the sole contributor but as time goes on it will become a group project of the people as many contribute and improve it by bits and pieces. Justin Johnson Citizen of the United States of America, residing therein, born 1. Justin JohnsonJSJohnson is a pre medical undergraduate student at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis. He first read this book in the summer of 2. David Rose. David Rose Ghostal is a chemical engineering undergraduate at Michigan Technological University. He began adding to this book in October, 2. Patrick Holder Lineweaver is a Ph. D Graduate Student working for Matt Francis at UC Berkeley in the Department of Chemistry. He began adding to this book in December, 2. Zachary T. Tackett, Zach is a student at Marshall University majoring in bio organic chemistry. Igoroisha. Goh Liang Song User Gohliangsong Citizen of the Republic of Singapore. He graduated from the National University of Singapore, majoring in Chemistry. He began adding to this book in August, 2. Pete Davis Citizen of the United States of America. I joined this project in November 2. There are few of us working on it at the moment. Feel free to join in. Ewen Mc. Laughlin UK Citizen, living in Wales. I started adding bits here in February 2. Im a teacher, so I suppose I might be more help with how to present information than with the information itself. And many anonymous Wikibook contributors. Many thanks to Jimbo Wales for paying for the bandwidth and for the many other ways he has been a great support to this project at every step. Foreword. Purpose and mission. This book should become the gold standard of organic chemistry texts in the areas of accuracy, usability, flexibility, and connection with its audience. As this text is developed it will always be available online, be printable, and freely distributable. This text should eliminate all or much of the cost for owning an up to the minute, top quality college level organic chemistry text, as it and all its derivative works will remain free free as in speech as well as free as in beer. Although you could pay for a printed version if you wanted to. Content and Contributions. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the worlds first and only open contentorganic chemistry textbook. Its users will tweak and refine this book until there is no better book. We are confident that this will happen because the process has already been seen to work many times on the Wikipedia site. All content contained herein is available under licences that allow free distribution. You can copy it, print it, sell it, and create derivative works from it. Our restriction if you create derivative works, make them available to others in a way that they can easily copy and distribute them, as we have done for you. We link to some pages outside our server. Any of this content not found under the Wikipedia site and subsites is not ensured to be under the same license it in fact is most likely not. Navigation. I like the navigation that I have worked out in the Foundational concepts of organic chemistry page and immediate subpages with links at the top of the page to the immediate next and previous pages and the various levels, and links at the bottom to the next and previous chapters, etc. If you want to help out please help me get all of the pages in the same format. Licensing. All work in this book is released at the moment only under the GNU FDL license. However this is only one of many similar open content licenses, and may not be the license of choice for everyone. To take content written by Karl Wick from this book for release under other licenses please contact the author through this pages associated talk page. How to study organic chemistry. One of the main difficulties students have with organic chemistry is organizing the information in their minds. By the second semester of organic chemistry, students will learn over 1. Consequently, it is vital that students take time to not only organize the information, but also to understand it. Indeed, excellent organic professors will tell you, contrary to popular belief, that you do not really need to memorize anything for organic chemistry, instead you simply need to understand it. By truly learning something, rather than memorizing it, you will be able to apply concepts beyond what you are memorizing. Dreamweaver 32 Bit Crack here. When you see something in the textbook, always ask why something is the case.